Monroe

Truman

Eisenhower

Nixon

Year

1823

1947

1957

1969

Area of World

Western Hemisphere

Greece and Turkey

Middle East

Asia

Reason(s) for issuance

Feared Spain would try to recolonize Latin America

Feared Russian claims on west coast of U.S.

Part of containment strategy

Feared Soviet pressure in Greece and Turkey

Designed to block communism in oil rich Middle East

Feared Soviet moves in the region

Redefined U.S. containment policy, yet reassured allies that U.S. would not retreat to isolationism

Responded to U.S. experience in Vietnam

Principles

No new colonies in Western Hemisphere

Existing colonies left alone by U.S.

U.S. would stay out of European affairs

Discouraged the extension of monarchies into Americas

U.S. would provide economic aid to help nations resisting internal or external communist threat

Congress gave president power to provide economic and military aid to nations resisting communist aggression

Put Soviets on notice of America’s resolve

U.S. would maintain collective security and containment by economic and diplomatic means

U.S. would aid allies, but not with American troops

Example of Action

U.S. intervened in Venezuela

British boundary dispute in 1895

Sent $400 million to Greece, Turkey

Sent troops to Lebanon in 1958 to restore order and to support America’s ally

Gradual removal of U.S. troops from Vietnam (Vietnamization)